Silo



March 31, 1931. P. c. FlsH SILO Filed Aug. fav., 1928 .'2 Sheets-'Sheet 1 A TTORNE YS March 31, 1931. P. c. FlsH 1,798,410

SILO

Filed Aug. 2'?, 1928 2 sheets-sneer 2 za Y M INVENTOR Per@ C. WD5/L BY C SM2 ATTORNEY-f Patented Mar. 31, 1931 UNITED STATES PERCY C. FISH, OF KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN SILO Application filed August 27, 1928. Serial No. 302,265.

This invention relates to improvements in vitreous tile silos.

The objects of the invention are:

First, to provide such a silo constructed of vitreous tile adapted to various dimensions of silos with eifective joints therebetween.

Second, to provide such a structure of tile that lends itself readily to manufacture without warping or material deformation.

Third, to provide such a structure which can be readily manufactured in quantities, the blocks being manufactured in units so construct-ed and connected that they-may be readily molded and tired without warping.

Fourth, to provide a vitreous tile structure with suitable packed joints.

Fifth, to provide an improved hollow tile stave. i

Objects pertaining to details and economies will appear from the detailed description to follow. The invention is deiined in the claims. An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a partial perspective from the door side, of a silo incorporating my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial perspective view of a section of silo wall showing the disposition of the stave blocks with packing inserted between the horizontal ends of the blocks and a recess at the side for calking or joint iilling material. Y

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail horizontal section taken on line 8 3 of Figs. 1 and 2, showing the arrangement of the stave blocks, the joint, grooves, and calking or joint iilling material. Y

'Fig 4.- is a vertical section taken on line 1 -4 of Figs. 1 and 2, showing the packing and the calked horizontal joints between the blocks.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the door structure and tiles taken on a line corresponding to line 10-10 of Figs. 1 and 6.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional elevation of the door structure, taken on line 11-11 of Figs. 1 and 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail end view of a pair of door frame tiles with a connection therebetween to prevent warping in firing.

Fig. 8 is an elevation view of a section of flat wall where my improved tiles are used.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing how the tiles iit into a pilaster post. The wall may be either double tile or single tile.

The parts willbe identiiied by numerals of reference which are the same in all the views.

1 is the base of the silo, preferably of concrete. 2 are the tile staves forming the walls of a round silo. 3 are the door-frame or doorway tile. 31 are the doors. 32 are the T-angle bar cross supports forming the top and bottom of the door frames within the doorway.

4: are the supporting hoops preferably f round rod. 5 are the attaching ties or lugs for the hoops.

21 is the concave side of the tile, and 211 are vertical corrugations at the inner sides of the concave portions. 23 is the convex side portion of the tile with flattened part 231 fitting into the concave side 21 of the adjacent tile (see Fig. 3). The convex portion is corrugated at its inner side at 232.

When the tiles are in place, the space between the corrugations receives the plug of calking or oint-illing material 6. This oint material is preferably a mixture of bitumin or soft asphalt and asbestos fiber, and is introduced into the joint by means of a suitable squirt gun or any means that will deliver the material with sutHcient pressure to force the same into the joint. The corrugations referred to are of great advantage but where the joint filler is a soft adhesive material or mixture the corrugations maybe omitted.

The top and bottom ends of the tile'are square and receive ajoint packing of a sheet of asbestos or felt 7. Grooves 26, 26 are formed on the inner and outer edge of the topand bottom of the tile to receive filling material which is injected above and below the packing, or the packing may be cut oif to expose this aperture to receive the calking or filling material, which is the same as that used in the vertical joints. This gives the exterior a sightly finish.

The door frame tile 3 are slightly modied form and are rights and lette,

with the door frame casing structure formed at one side.

The tile are all made by a modification ot the molding machinery in common use in the manufacture otl tile. Tile as ordinarily constructed warp and twist to such an extent that to make a tight joint ot' such tile in a silo lrequires labor of a skilled mason using specially prepared cement or mortar. By obviating the warping it is possible to make a very simple joint between the tile ot' a mixture of asphalt and asbestos iiber which can be forced in by a squirt gun or other pressure means.

To avoid warping in molding` and tiring, I form the main tile in groups of tour with a joint between the convex ends and the flat inner side surfaces at one end oi the tile and weaken this joint by suitable knives or cutters carried by the die so that after the assembled tile are tired they can be readily broken apart. I slightly flatten the convex end so that t-he raw surface at the break is embraced by the concave side ot the adjacent tile, forming a perfect j ointwith the intervening` space to accommodate the rough break, and as the inner part of the joint plugged with calking' or the :til-cling material reterred to, a perfect joint is secured.

in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 l have indicated the door trame structure. The tile 19 and 2O forming the sides of the trame are necessarily made rights and letts, having joints provided to correspond to the joints ot the tile of the main part or" the silo, the opposite sides beingconcave and convex so that when assembled they tit the corresponding vertical joints on the main tile. Boors 31 are provided which fit in between cross bars 32 which are of T cross section, forming the top and bottom trame for each door, respectively. The doors are retained in place by cross bars 83 against the front side ot the trame having clamping bolts 3i with ving nuts 35 thereon tor adjusting the same.

lt will be seen from the description that my design ot silo stave blocks lends itself very readily to the formation of the wall and because ot the concave circular surface at one side and the corresponding; conveXity *with the broken ot'f central portion on the opposite surface, a tight joint is formed, and at the same time the tile can be made in mass production and be made perfectly straight and true. The `erooves tor the vertical joint are formed by the die and it is a simple matter while the clay is still sott to bevel the lower edge of the outer side ot each tile and to form a corresponding groove on the top, to make a perfect oint b v calking with suitable material.

To insure drainage ot' any liquids that may get inside the hollow tile l cut notches 28 at the bottom outer wall of the bottom tile so that liquids can readily escape should any by chance accumulate, so that freezing cannot occur to break and split the tile.

lfhile l have produced the tile with the concave and convex joint structure as especially adapted to silo construction, it lends itself to straight wall construction, in which event.. is found desirable and practical to lay the tile horizont-ally so that the concavew convex joint is in a horizontal line, supportine4 the wall at intervals by suitable pilasters where necessary. (See Figs. 8 and 9.) The convex edge is up.

This buildingV tile is produced on a sewer tile molding' machine, and, by its uses, provides proper means to support the tile on end. Long; tile staves are thus possible which are hiehlv7 desirable in the construction ot a silo and results in the production of hollow walls with a minimum amount of' material, and, as the tile are perfect. they may be laid without the employment ot a skilled mason as they can he piled up and the oints simply sealed.

The construction is very rapid on account ot the large size of the tile staves that it is possible to produce. The tile can be thus produced comparatively thin and broad and lone'. The structure is of a special advantage on silo structures because the cross supports in the tile staves make them resistant to the hoop/ing@ and enable the same to be very closely clamped together, making it possible to make strontr wall on account of the form ot the tile and a wall that is comparatively thin.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a silo, the combination with a suitable base ot substantially identical hollow vitreous body tile, one joint side of each tile beingr concave and having vertical corrugations at its inner edge, the opposite joint side being convex with a central flattened portion to lit within the corresponding; concave side of an adjacent tile and corrugated on its inner edee.y suitable joint `grooves formed in top and bottom near the inner edge of each tile for packingq materials, a sheet of packing material in each horizontal joint, packingT material .toi-ced into said corrugations, door frame tile with concave and convex joints fitting to the said body tile, suitable cross bars in the doorway, doors supported therein, and bands with adjusting lugs for retaining the `parts in place. as specified.

2. ln a silo, the combination with a suitable base, of substantially identical hollow vitreous body tile, one joint side ot each tile being concave and having vertical corrugations at its inner edge, the opposite joint side being convex with a central iiattened portion to tit within the corresponding concave side ot an adjacent tile and corrugated on its inner edge, suitable joint grooves formed in top and bottom near the inner edge of each tile for packing materials, a sheet ot packing ma- (Sii cave side of an adjacent tile,

tcrial in each horizontal joint, packing Inaterial forced into said'corrugations, and bands with adjusting lugs for retaining the parts in place, as specified.

3. In a silo, the combination with a suitable base, of substantially identical hollow vitreous body tile staves, one joint side of each tile being concave and having vertical corrugations at its inner edge, the opposite joint side being convex with a central flattened portion to fit within the corresponding concave side of an adjacent tile and corrugated on its inner edge, suitable joint grooves formed in top and bottom near the inner edge of each tile for packing materials, packing material forced into said corrugations, and bands with adjusting lugs for retaining the parts in place, as specified.

4. In a silo, the combination Vwith a suitable base, of substantially identical hollow vitreous body tile staves, one joint side of each tile being concave and the opposite joint side being convex with a central Hattened portion to lit within the corresponding consuitable joint grooves formed in top and bottom near the inner edge of each tile for packing materials, and bands with adjusting lugs for retaining the parts in place, as specified.

5. In a silo, the combination with a suitable base, of substantially identical hollow vitreous body tile staves, one joint side of each tile being concave and the opposite joint side being convex with a central fiattened portion to fit within the corresponding concave side of' an adjacent tile, suitable joint grooves formed in top and bottom near the inner and outer edges of each tile for packing materials, and bands with adjusting lugs for ref taining the parts in place, as specified.

6. A hollow vitreous tile stave for a silo, concave at one joint side and correspondingly convex at the opposite joint side, the convex side being flattened and grooved on the inner and outer edges at each end and at the inner edge of the joint to receive packing material, as specified.

7. A. hollow vitreous tile stave for a silo, concave at one joint side and correspondingly convex at the opposite joint side, the convex side being flattened and grooved on the inner edge at each end and at the inner edge of the joint to receive packing material, as specified.

8. In a silo, the combination with a suitable base, of substantially identical hollow vitreous body tile staves, one joint side of each tile being formed with longitudinal depression and the opposite joint side being provided with a projection to lit within the corresponding depression of an adjacent tile,

hand.

PERCY C. FISH.

suitable oint grooves formed in top and bot- Y y tom near the inner edge of each tile for packing material, packing material introduced into the said joints at the top, bottom and 

